OCR General Certificate of Secondary Education (GCSE) Biology Practice Exam

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How does a waxy cuticle benefit a plant?

It enhances photosynthesis
It protects against pests
It reduces water loss
It improves nutrient uptake

The correct answer is: It reduces water loss

The waxy cuticle plays a crucial role in a plant's ability to conserve water. This outer layer is made from cutin, a water-repellent substance, which acts as a barrier to water loss through evaporation. By preventing excessive water loss, especially in dry environments, the cuticle helps maintain the plant's hydration levels and overall health. This is particularly important for plants growing in areas where water availability is limited, as it allows them to survive longer periods without rainfall or irrigation. Options related to photosynthesis, pest prevention, and nutrient uptake do not accurately reflect the primary function of the waxy cuticle. While these factors can indirectly relate to plant health, they are not the main benefits derived from the presence of a waxy cuticle.