OCR General Certificate of Secondary Education (GCSE) Biology Practice Exam

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What are the two primary types of proteins?

Structural and metabolic
Structural and functional
Functional and regulatory
Enzymatic and defensive

The correct answer is: Structural and functional

The correct response identifies structural and functional proteins as the two primary types. Structural proteins are essential in providing support and shape to cells and tissues. They make up various structures in organisms, such as collagen in connective tissues and keratin in hair and nails. On the other hand, functional proteins are involved in numerous biological processes, including enzymes that catalyze biochemical reactions, antibodies that play a role in the immune response, and hormones that aid in signaling between different parts of the body. The distinction underscores the diverse roles proteins play in life, with some providing structural integrity while others are crucial for carrying out physiological functions. Understanding this classification helps in recognizing how proteins contribute to both the physical framework of organisms and the intricate biochemical processes necessary for life.