OCR General Certificate of Secondary Education (GCSE) Biology Practice Exam

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What happens during vasoconstriction?

  1. Blood vessels near the surface dilate to lose heat

  2. Less blood flows near the surface to reduce heat loss

  3. Blood vessels expand to allow more blood flow

  4. Blood is redirected to the extremities

The correct answer is: Less blood flows near the surface to reduce heat loss

During vasoconstriction, the body’s response mechanism causes blood vessels, particularly those near the surface of the skin, to constrict or narrow. This narrowing reduces the flow of blood near the skin's surface, which in turn minimizes heat loss. By limiting the amount of warm blood that reaches these peripheral areas, the body is able to conserve heat, especially in cold environments. This process is crucial for maintaining core body temperature and ensuring that vital organs remain adequately supplied with blood, even when external temperatures are low. Vasoconstriction is part of the body’s homeostatic mechanisms to adapt to temperature changes, highlighting the importance of blood vessel regulation in thermoregulation.