OCR General Certificate of Secondary Education (GCSE) Biology Practice Exam

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What is diffusion in biological terms?

  1. The movement of particles from low to high concentration

  2. The movement of particles from high concentration to low concentration

  3. The active transport of nutrients within cells

  4. The process of excretion in organisms

The correct answer is: The movement of particles from high concentration to low concentration

Diffusion in biological terms refers to the movement of particles from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration. This process occurs naturally due to the random thermal motion of particles and continues until there is an even distribution of substances, achieving equilibrium. Diffusion is essential for various biological processes, such as the exchange of gases in the lungs and the uptake of nutrients and waste removal in cells. This phenomenon is passive, meaning it does not require energy input, which distinguishes it from active transport methods that move substances against a concentration gradient. Understanding diffusion is critical for grasping how substances move within and between cells, contributing to the maintenance of homeostasis in living organisms.

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