OCR General Certificate of Secondary Education (GCSE) Biology Practice Exam

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Which gland releases thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH)?

Adrenal gland
Pancreas
Thyroid gland
Pituitary gland

The correct answer is: Pituitary gland

The pituitary gland is responsible for releasing thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH). TSH plays a crucial role in regulating the thyroid gland, stimulating it to produce thyroid hormones, which are essential for metabolism, growth, and development. When the pituitary gland senses low levels of thyroid hormones in the bloodstream, it releases TSH, which then signals the thyroid gland to increase hormone production. This interaction is an important part of the body's endocrine system, illustrating how different glands work together to maintain homeostasis. The other glands mentioned do not produce TSH. The adrenal gland produces hormones like adrenaline and cortisol, which are involved in stress response. The pancreas primarily regulates blood sugar levels through insulin and glucagon. The thyroid gland, while significant for TSH secretion, does not release TSH itself; rather, it responds to the stimulation from TSH. This distinction highlights the specific regulatory roles played by different glands in the endocrine system.